What is annexation?
The City of Ukiah is trying to expand their city limits — again.
What is Annexation?
Annexation is the means by which an existing city extends its boundaries.
How Does Annexation Work?
Annexation in California is governed by the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000, which gives each county’s Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) authority over city and district boundary changes. The process typically begins with a city resolution or landowner petition, followed by LAFCO review, environmental assessment, and public hearings. LAFCO evaluates whether the proposal aligns with local spheres of influence and promotes orderly growth. Depending on the level of protest, annexations may proceed, go to a vote, or be terminated.
What is LAFCo?
The LAFCo was established by state law in 1963 to assist local agencies in managing changes to jurisdictional boundaries. Every county in California, totaling 58, has its own LAFCo Commission. The main objectives of LAFCo are to:
Encourage the orderly formation of local government agencies and promote the efficient provision of public services
Preserve agricultural land and open-space resources
Promote orderly growth and discourage urban sprawl
Where is the City Expanding?
The City is looking at possibly annexing areas stretching from Carousel Lane, north of Ukiah, all the way to Highway 253 to the south. Development in this area includes some commercial, industrial, and manufacturing uses (both existing and decommissioned), as well as areas containing vacant and agricultural lands.
Why does this matter?
Annexation matters because it directly changes who provides key services, how tax dollars are used, and how the community grows. Under the proposal, annexed areas would shift to city-managed services like police protection, street maintenance, and code enforcement, while continuing with existing water and sewer systems. Property tax would be redirected toward the City of Ukiah. The City also points to potential improvements in emergency preparedness, response, and recovery planning, along with taking over responsibility for roads and future infrastructure upgrades in annexed neighborhoods. Ultimately, this matters for all residents because the City is seeking to expand its boundaries in a way that would increase its tax base and revenue, shaping how resources are allocated and how the area develops moving forward.
Potential Impacts of the Proposed Ukiah Annexation
County Financial Impacts
County staff estimates the proposed annexation could redirect or reduce approximately $30.4 million in County revenue over time.
That includes:
$27.3 million in reduced local sales tax revenue.
$3.1 million in lost hotel (Transient Occupancy Tax) revenue.
Additional reductions in future property tax growth.
Under the proposed Master Tax Sharing Agreement, the County's share of local sales tax generated in the annexed area would decrease by approximately 6.7% each year. After 15 years, the County would receive none of that local sales tax. The County would initially retain hotel tax revenue generated in the annexed area, but its share would decline each year until reaching 0% after five years.
Although revenue would decline, County staff concluded many major expenses would remain largely unchanged.
These include:
Sheriff's Office operations
County Jail
Coroner services
Health and Human Services
Mutual aid responsibilities
Countywide road maintenance
This means the County could lose revenue while continuing to provide many of the same services.
City Finances
According to the City's financial reports:
The General Fund balance declined by approximately $572,000.
Revenue growth has slowed due to weaker tax and intergovernmental revenues.
The City's unrestricted net position has declined to approximately: -$40.6 million. This reflects significant long-term financial obligations that exceed unrestricted assets.
Current City funding measures are already under pressure. Expanding City boundaries could increase future service and infrastructure obligations.
Measure P revenues struggling to keep pace with public safety costs.
Measure Y operating with approximately a $2.25 million street maintenance deficit.
Fire Department
Before the Merger
3 fire engines
6 career firefighters
2 chiefs
Approximately 50 volunteers
Ambulance staffed by suppression-trained firefighters when available
Today
2 fire engines
4 career firefighters
1 chief
Approximately 10 volunteers
Ambulance staff are no longer required to be suppression-trained
Local officials have acknowledged that funding supporting the Ukiah Valley Fire Authority is scheduled to expire in 2030. Officials have stated that future tax measures may be necessary to maintain fire services. Residents could therefore face additional tax requests in the coming years.
Water Rate Increases
The Ukiah Valley Water Authority has approved substantial water rate increases through 2029. Millview, Willow, and Redwood Valley Water Districts all saw a 64%+ increase over 5 years, the City of Ukiah saw an 18% increase, and Calpella saw a 36%+ increase.
Why People Are Opposing Annexation
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“Mendocino County Farm Bureau is opposed to the City of Ukiah’s Annexation plan. We have serious reservations regarding the scope and scale of the annexation plan and deep concern regarding the negative fiscal implications this would have for County finances. Such a rapid expansion of the City of Ukiah would endanger farmland through urban sprawl that would lead to an increase in conflicts between agricultural producers conducting everyday farming activities and neighboring urban residents.”
- Mendocino County Farm Bureau
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“This annexation as currently proposed will be a lose-lose for everyone and will have a negative impact on all of Mendocino County due to the reduction in revenues from businesses as well as a reduction in services for those annexed into the city. It became clear that this annexation will likely have serious implications for the county. Based on this map I also have concerns the city may be picking locations of revenue and cutting out locations which could be an expense.”
- Matt Kendall, Mendocino County Sheriff
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“The City of Ukiah didn’t ask us if we wanted to be part of Ukiah — they’re telling us. They could have put an advisory measure on the ballot, but they didn’t get any public input. They think they can just tell us we have to go along with their program. They held ‘workshops’ not to listen to our concerns, but to tell us how it’s going to be. If I wanted to live and run my business in the City, I would live in the City, and my business would be in the City — but I’m not.”
- Ross Liberty, President of Factory Pipe
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“This plan reflects a clear disregard for the property rights and lifestyle choices of residents who intentionally live outside city boundaries to preserve an agricultural or rural way of life. These citizens are now facing the imposition of city oversight without consent, due process, or adequate representation. More concerning is the imposition of city-level regulations that would severely restrict or prohibit long-standing rural practices which are integral to rural living and agricultural operations.”
- Mendocino County Employers Council
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“I believe annexation at this scale is premature and should only move forward once the city proves it can deliver superior services and demonstrate financial stability. Smart, sustainable growth takes time and transparency. As a business owner, I’ve asked how this change will benefit us, but I’ve yet to receive a clear answer. Right now, I can point to specific ways this will increase costs for both my business and my customers—without a single clear benefit in return.”
John Strangio, Owner of the Ukiah Valley Athletic Authority
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“The city has already shown that they cannot fill their police roster, even with a hiring bonus of $25,000 and now they want to increase the geographic requirements by three times and the population coverage by 60%. That, to me, is a non starter. On top of that they have been pretty clear about their desire to impose new requirements on residential development making it more difficult and expensive. I for one would like my children to have the opportunity to live in Ukiah. If this annexation proposal takes place it will reduce that possibility.”
- Richard Selzer
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“The City of Ukiah, through its application for annexation of a massive area, proposes to encompass operating lumber mills, wineries, mom-and-pop repair shops and grocery stores, and numerous other commercial businesses. The City of Ukiah absolutely does not have the scope of knowledge, the manpower, or resources to oversee, regulate and protect these types of important enterprises. People cannot sit idly by and allow the City to expand its boundaries to impose its over-reaching governance, and all the negatives that come with it, into the proposed annexation area.”
- Martha Barra, Barra of Mendocino
Community Members Opposing Annexation
Gerardo Alvarez
Catherine Andres
Sergio Arreguin
Gilbert Ashoff
Daniel Baldi
Anita Bakker
Lenny Banks
Martha Barra
Katrina Bartolomie
Connor Bazzani
Robert Bazzani
Scott Bazzani
Charlene Beighle
Stacie Bennett
Anne Berndt
Matthew Blake
Alex Bland
Cherie Blower
Jeff Bode
Ron Bostwick
Kyle Brooks
John Buchanan
Kenneth Budrow
Charlotte Burns
Emily Burrell
Shirley Bush
Bret Byrd
Kevin Caro
Chelsea Carrera
Juan Novoa Ceja
Dustin Chernoh
Karry Crawford
Tom Crowfoot
Kippi Cummins
Fawnell Dale
Bonnie Dashiell
Nina Davis
Julie Dickson
Patricia Dohn
Lindy Dunaway
Marc Engstrom
Steve Enzler
Saya Erica
Matthew Finnegan
Ryan Ford
Nicole Fraser
Ed Gall
Adam Gaska
Kathleen Gilley
Rick Gilmore
Julie Golden
Jenn Gray
Kathryn Testa Grieve
Amy Henry
Connie Hickerson
Richard Higinbotham
Tom Hine
James Holmes
Lee Howard
Kelly Huffman
Kim Huffman
Karen Jason
Sheila Jenkins
Stephen Johnson
Jenni Karakasevic
Benjamin Kater
Chris Kocher
Kimberly LaRue
Anne Lattimore
John Lattimore
Carina Lavin
John Lazaro
Nancy Lee
Craig Lehman
Nicole Leong
Melanie LoGrande
Robert Long
Christina Lopez
Fred Loupy
Jason Lucas
Maureen Luis
Todd Lyly
Jake Maeyama
Melissa Martella
Wilbert Martin
Penny Mathis
Sally McKnight
Blake Medellin
Yazmin Mendoza
Sergio Meza
Steve Miller
David Minsinger
Robert Mothershed
Aaron Niderost
Marco Ochoa
Louise Onori
Philip Onori
Jennifer Palmer
Bill Pauli
Frost Pauli
Jared Paz
Oliver Perry
Jonathan Peterson
Jim Pool
Jordan Pool
Ian Powell
John Ragland
Janelle Rau
David Redding
Ginny Richards
Lynette Addor Riley
Steve Roberts
Isidro Rodriguez Jr
Jim Ronco
Janet Rosen
Neda Rowlison
Amanda Sears
Ken Seckora
Dick Selzer
Carrie Shattuck
Beverley Sherman
Nancy Skelly
Bruce Smith
John Snyder
Austin Steinmann
Kylle StPierre
Aihlya Sutton
Wil Sutton
Kay Testa
Kayla Theison
Dennis Thibeault
Norman Thurston
Salina Tollini
Antonio Toste
Tony Toste
Vicki Turner
Kerri Vau
Travis Vonfeldt
Richard Wagner
Donna Walker
Scott Walker
Tim Weaver
Anita Wells
Dawn White
James Wilson
Ron Wilson
Leonard Winter
Bradley Wright
Tracy Wright-Williams
Only a partial list